Metabolic Effects of Linoleic Acid-Rich Oil Compared to a Blend Oil in Adults With Insulin Resistance

Linoleic acid (LA), the predominant omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid in human diets, has been associated with improved lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity compared with saturated fats. However, its role in metabolic health remains debated due to the limited number of well-controlled intervention studies. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the metabolic effects of an LA-rich oil compared with a blended oil in adults with insulin resistance. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a daily supplement of LA-rich oil or a control blend oil for 8 weeks, while maintaining their usual diet and lifestyle. The primary outcome is the change in insulin resistance, assessed by the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Secondary outcomes include changes in fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and body composition. The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-group intervention conducted at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. The results are expected to clarify the effects of increased dietary linoleic acid intake on insulin sensitivity and metabolic risk factors, contributing to the ongoing debate about the role of omega-6 fatty acids in cardiometabolic health.