The Nanofat Regenerative Surgery for Management of Genital Lichen Sclerosus in Male and Female Patients

Regenerative surgery is an emerging multidisciplinary field actually based on derived adipose tissue. Autologous fat grafting was first described by Neuber in 1893 and since then it has developed over the next century. The initial goal of fat grafting was to treat volume losses created by disease or trauma. Further studies done by Zuk et al. in 2001 showed that lipoaspirate contains multipotent adipose stem cells (ADSCs) like in the bone marrow, thereby expanding opportunities in multiple fields. ADSCs have emerged as a key element of regenerative medicine surgery due to their ability to differentiate into a variety of different cell lineages. Moreover, their capacity of paracrine secretion of a broad selection of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors make them highly clinically attractive. More specific, of particular interest are the anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic, immunomodulatory, and anti-scarring effects that have been demonstrated for ADSCs, which effects on wound healing, soft-tissue restoration and scar remodelling. Nanofat firstly introduced by Tonnard in 2013, is an ultra-purified adipose tissue-derived product that is devoid of mature adipocytes but rich in ADSCs and with regenerative properties.