Our hypothesis is that shock-wave therapy will reduce pain, increase the mobilization of
      glenohumeral joint, and will improve functionality in patients with adhesive capsulitis and
      type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Shockwave Therapy Effectiveness

Bursitis

Diabetes Mellitus

The underlying mechanism of shock-wave therapy in individuals with both adhesive capsulitis
      and type 2 diabetes mellitus still remains unclear. Considering the physiological mechanism
      of shock-wave therapy, the effect of shock-wave therapy on pain, function, and resting muscle
      tone in patients with adhesive capsulitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus was evaluated. There
      are only two studies that evaluated the usefulness of shock-wave therapy in diabetic
      patients. There are no studies examining the effect of shock-wave therapy on shoulder muscle
      tone in individuals with adhesive capsulitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the aim
      of this study is to investigate the treatment effects of mrESWT, in individuals with adhesive
      capsulitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Radial Extracorporeal Shock-wave Therapy

Medium-energy Shockwave Therapy Effectiveness in the Treatment of Patients With Both Adhesive Capsulitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Evaluation of shoulder pain was performed using the Visual Analog Scale. The score is determined by measuring the distance (mm) on the 10-cm line between the "no pain" on the far left and "the most intense pain imaginable" on the far right.The patient places a mark at a point on the line corresponding to the patient's rating of pain intensity. A higher score indicates greater pain intensity.

Assisstant Professor

The joint movements of the affected shoulder was measured using a digital electrogoniometer. A higher score indicates greater improvement.

Function was assessed using the self-administered Shoulder Pain and Disability Index.The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index contains 13 items that assess two domains; a 5-item subscale that measures pain and an 8-item subscale that measures disability. Each subscale is summed and transformed to a score out of 100. A mean is taken of the two subscales to give a total score out of 100, higher score indicating greater impairment or disability.

Function was assessed using the self-administered Shoulder Pain and Disability Index.The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index contains 13 items that assess two domains; a 5-item sub-scale that measures pain and an 8-item sub-scale that measures disability. Each sub-scale is summed and transformed to a score out of 100. A mean is taken of the two sub-scales to give a total score out of 100, higher score indicating greater impairment or disability.

The patients received shock-wave exposure (energy flux density= 0.12 mJ/mm2, at 8 Hz), twice a week, for six weeks. Standard physiotherapy care was applied.

In the placebo group, the device applicator was positioned in the same way as the experimental shock-wave group. The previously recorded 8 Hz pulsed shock wave sounds were played, as if the actual application was being performed, however the device itself was off during the session, and its pedal was not pressed. Standard physiotherapy care was applied.

Shockwave Therapy Effectiveness

About this trial

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Placebo

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